Difference between revisions of "AXIOM Beta"

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=Printed Circuit Boards=
Our community’s debut camera is the result of years of collaboration with the [https://magiclantern.fm/ Magic Lantern] team. With custom-built printed circuit boards, newly developed FPGA cores and an onboard Linux operating system at the user's disposal, changing the entire configuration of a camera to suit the needs of [https://wiki.apertus.org/index.php/AXIOM_Beta/Case_Studies any project] is well possible.


'''Boards:'''
If you can't find what you're looking for or if we can help you with custom requirements please [https://www.apertus.org/contact contact] us.
<gallery>
File:AXIOM_Beta_Sensor_THT_0.13_Top.png | [[Beta CMV12K THT Sensor Board]]
File:BetaSensorBoardZIF 0.18 1.jpg | [[Beta CMV12K ZIF Sensor Board]]
File:BetaDummyBoard 0.12 TOP.jpg | [[Beta Interface Dummy Board]]
File:BetaMainboard 0.32 BOTTOM.jpg | [[Beta Main Board]]
File:BetaPowerBoard 0.18 TOP.jpg | [[Beta Power Board]]
File:Axiom Beta Plugin Module 1x HDMI v0.4 TOP.jpg | [[Beta HDMI Plugin Module]]


</gallery>
====Overviews====


The AXIOM Beta uses a Microzed as main image processing platform:
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%;"
 
[[File:AES-Z7MB-7Z020-SOM-G TOP.jpg | 150px]]
 
AES-Z7MB-7Z020-SOM-G
 
[[Interface Shield 1]]
 
=AXIOM Beta Generations=
Voucher holders get at-cost hardware upgrades and replacements. But any voucher holder can decide it which stage to actually acquire the current AXIOM Beta hardware. Software upgrades are and will always be free and publicly available. You can at any time upgrade or downgrade your camera software.
 
==AXIOM Beta I - Developer Edition (Early Beta)==
Intended for developers and early adopters - first generation that will be shipped - small production batch size of around 20 cameras.
 
Limitations:
 
* no enclosure yet - skeleton only
* CMV12000 image sensor only
* passive sensor cooling only
* passive E-Mount only (passive Canon / Nikon adapter available)
* screw on UV/IR cut off filter instead of camera internal one
* Interface Board limits image sensors throughput to 150FPS@4K (faster Interface Board replacement will be available later)
* Dual 5V 3A AC power supply only
* 1x HDMI 1080p60 output module and PMOD debug module are the only plugin modules available currently (AXIOM Beta has two slots)
* Solder-on area on AXIOM Main Board not populated with gyroscopes/magnetometer/accelerator yet (will be available later on)
* Power Board requires manual reconfiguration (trimmers) switching to a different image sensor module
* no power switch on camera yet (camera turns on when power is connected)
 
=AXIOM Beta Topics=
 
==Active Battery Mount==
[[File:20140930134156-BETA_Zeiss_Battery2.jpg| 400px]]
 
Battery mount for NP-F970/F750/F550 batteries to power the AXIOM Beta. Includes power usage and capacity monitoring to estimate remaining charge and time remaining.
 
More Thoughts on [[Power]].
===InfoLithium Protocol===
Proprietary protocol from Sony that exchanges metadata between batteries and devices. Expected data inside the protocol includes: charge cycles, battery ID, remaining total capacity, remaining current capacity, etc.
Only official Sony batteries incorporate this protocol, cheap replacement parts don't and some Pro Sony cameras refuse operation with batteries without InfoLithium communication.
Decrypting this protocol could give us more insight into the battery but is not essential as we can measure the discharge curve and estimate remaining capacity rather accurately that way.
====Hacking References====
 
http://randybuildsthings.wordpress.com/2013/02/25/sony-infolithium-m-teardown/
 
http://www.dpreview.com/forums/post/4296759
 
==Dictator Remote Controller==
[[File:Dictator-render-V2-03.jpg | 400px]]
 
https://apertus.org/dictator
 
[[Dictator]]
 
==Image Processing Pipeline==
 
Draft pipeline taken from AXIOM Alpha for now.
 
 
Image Acquisition Pipeline:
 
[[File:Image04.png]]
 
 
HDMI Image Processing Pipeline:
 
[[File:Image01.png]]
 
===Image Processing Nodes===
====Debayering====
 
A planned feature is to generate this FPGA code block with "dynamic reconfiguration" meaning that the actual debayering algorithm can be replaced at any time by loading a new FPGA binary block at run-time.
This tries to simplify creating custom debayering algorithms with a script like programming language that can be translated to FPGA code and loaded into the FPGA dynamically for testing.
 
====Image Overlays====
Full HD framebuffer that can be altered from the Linux userspace and is automatically "mixed" with the real time video from the image sensor. (https://www.apertus.org/pong-project on the AXIOM Alpha was implemented exactly with this method)
 
We still need to decide if a color palette here is sufficient or how many colors we would need. 32 bit image with Alpha channel might be an unnecessary overkill here.
 
This feature could also be used to draw live histograms/scopes.
 
====Peaking====
 
[[Peaking]] marks high image frequency areas with colored dot overlays. These marked areas are typically the ones "in-focus" currently so this is a handy tool to see where the focus lies with screens that have lower resolution than the camera is capturing.
 
'''Handy Custom Parameters:'''
 
*color
*frequency threshold
 
'''Potential Problems:'''
* there are sharper and softer lenses so the threshold depends on the glass currently used. For a sharp lens the peaking could show areas as "in-focus" if they actually aren't and for softer lenses the peaking might never show up at all because the threshold is never reached
 
====Image Blow Up / Zoom====
Digital zoom into the center area of the image to check focus.
 
As extra feature this zoomed area could be moved around the full sensor area.
 
[[File:20140909152450-look-around.jpg | 300px]]
 
 
This feature is also related to the "Look Around" where the viewfinder sees a larger image area than is being output to the clean-feed.
 
This re-sampling method to scale up/down an image in real-time can be of rather low quality (nearest neighbor/bilinear/etc.) as it is only for preview purposes.
 
====Matrix and LUTs====
3x3 / 4x4 Matrix
 
AXIOM Alpha uses one LUT per color channel.
 
Maybe a 3D LUT (17×17×17) is possible at a later point:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_lookup_table
 
==Lens Mounts==
[[File:Nikon-bayonet01.jpg|thumb|288px|right|Picture of a Nikon F bayonet mount.]]
{| class="wikitable"
! style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Mount
! colspan="2" | Nikon F
! colspan="2" | Canon EF
! Micro Four Thirds
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Type
| colspan="5" style="text-align: center;" | Bayonet
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Compatible Lenses
| Nikkor FX
| Nikkor DX
| EF
| EF-S (optionally)
|
|-
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Image Circle Size
| style="width: 50%"| [https://www.apertus.org/axiom-beta Introduction (apertus.org)]
| Full Frame<br />ø 43.3 mm
| style="width: 50%"| [[AXIOM_Beta/PCBs | PCBs]]
| DX<br />ø 28.4 mm
| Full Frame<br />ø 43.3 mm
| Canon APS-C<br />ø 27.3 mm
| "Half Frame"<br />ø 21.6 mm
|-
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Throat
| style="width: 50%"| [[AXIOM_Beta/Camera_Structure | Camera Structure]]
| colspan="2" | 44 mm
| style="width: 50%"| [[AXIOM_Beta/Prices | Prices]]
| colspan="2" | 54 mm
| ~38 mm
|-
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Flange focal distance
| style="width: 50%"| [https://www.apertus.org/AXIOM_Beta_Brochure_02.04.pdf AXIOM Brochure PDF Download]
| colspan="2" | 46.5 mm
| style="width: 50%"|  
| colspan="2" | 44 mm
| 19.25 mm
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Axiom Beta<br />Sensor Compatibility
| colspan="4" style="text-align: center;" | 16mm<br />Four Thirds<br />Super35
| style="text-align: center;" | 16mm<br />Four Thirds
|}
|}


More Details: [[Lens Mounts]]
====Technical====


===Passive EF Mount===
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%;"
===Passive Nikon F-Mount===
Measured Bayonet Thickness: 1.3mm
===Passive Micro Four Thirds Mount===
===Active Canon EF Mount===
 
==4K RAW PC recording option==
[[File:20141007124425-4kraw-pc-based.jpg | 400px]]
 
==Enclosure Design==
 
Notes:
 
[[Body Design Options]]
 
[[Cooling]]
 
[[Switchable ND Filters]]
not planned currently
 
===Skeleton===
https://github.com/apertus-open-source-cinema/beta-hardware/tree/master/Enclosure/Skeleton_E-mount
 
 
===Simple Enclosure===
 
===Full Enclosure===
 
==Electronics==
 
===AXIOM Beta PCB Stack Concept===
 
Version 3:
 
[[File:PCB-Stack-Concept-V03-02-nofan-50.jpg | 700px]]
 
[[File:PCB_Stack_Concept_V03_02.jpg | 700px]]
 
Version 4:
 
[[File:PCB-Stack-Concept-V03-022.jpg | 700px]]
 
All dimensions are still not final! Work in progress...
 
[[File:PCB_Stack_Concept_V03_02.pdf]]
 
[[File:PCB_Stack_Dimensions_01.jpg | 700px]]
 
===Image Sensor Frontend===
It is planned to incorporate a glass filter slot between lens mount and lens base for placing an IR-cut-off filter or OLPF with IR-cut-off coating in the light path.
 
 
for Truesense KAC12040
 
Dimensions (inches if not stated otherwise):
 
[[File:Kac12040SensorFrontEndDimensions01.jpg | 300px]]
 
====Image Sensors====
[[File:Sensor-lens.png|thumb|288px|right|Graphic that compares the different Sensor Sizes and Lens Image Circles of the Axiom Beta ]]
{| class="wikitable"
! style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Axiom Beta Model
! 16mm
! Four Thirds
! Super35
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Brand
| CMOSIS
| ON Semionductor<br />(prev. Truesense/Kodak)
| CMOSIS
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Model
| [[CMV2000]]
| [[KAC12040]]
| [[CMV12000]]
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Type
| colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | CMOS
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Shutter Type
| Pipelined Global Shutter
| Global & Rolling Shutter
| Pipelined Global Shutter
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Color filter Array
| colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | Bayer (Color model)<br />None (B/W model)
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | IR filter
| colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | no
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Anti-Aliasing Filter (OLPF)
| colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | no
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Size
| 10.6 mm × 5.94 mm<br />ø 12.1 mm
| 18.8 mm × 14.1 mm<br />ø 23.5 mm
| 22.5 mm × 16.9 mm<br />ø 28.2 mm
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Crop Factor
| Full Frame ∕ 3.56<br />16mm Film ∕ 1.05
| Full Frame ∕ 1.84<br />Four Thirds ∕ 0.96
| Full Frame ∕ 1.54<br />Super35 ∕ 1.10
|-
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Aspect Ratio
| style="width: 50%"| [[AXIOM_Beta/Manual | User Manual (ABM)]]
| 16:9
| style="width: 50%"| [[AXIOM_Beta/Raw Recording | Raw Movie Recording (AXIOM Recorder)]]
| 4:3
| 4:3
|-
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Pixel Resolution (h × v)
| style="width: 50%"| [[AXIOM_Beta/Enclosures | Enclosures]]
| 1920 × 1080
| style="width: 50%"| [[AXIOM_Beta/Developers | Remote Access Development and Testing Environment]]
| 4000 × 3000
| 4096 × 3072
|-
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Pixel Size
| style="width: 50%"| [[Image Sensors]]
| 5.5 µm
| style="width: 50%"| [[Parts]]
| 4.7 µm
| 5.5 µm
|-
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Dynamic Range
| style="width: 50%"| [[Data and Colour]]
| 10 stops<br />15 stops (HDR mode)
| 9.3 stops (Gobal Shutter)<br />12 stops (Rolling Shutter)
| 10 stops<br />15 stops (HDR mode)
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Sensitivity
|  
|  
| 200 ISO
| ~ 400 - 1250 ISO
|-
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | Max Frame Rate @ Bit Depth
 
| 340 fps @ 10 bit<br />70 fps @ 12 bit
| 110 fps @ 8 bit<br />70 fps @ 10 bit<br />30 fps @ 12 bit<br />10 fps @ 14 bit
| 300 fps @ 10 bit<br />180 fps @ 12 bit
|-
| style="text-align: right; font-weight: bold;" | More info
|
* [http://www.cmosis.com/index.php?/products/standard_products/cmv2000/ Official Specs]
|
* [http://www.onsemi.com/pub_link/Collateral/KAC-12040-D.PDF Datasheet]
|
* [https://github.com/apertus-open-source-cinema/alpha-hardware/blob/master/Datasheets/datasheet_CMV12000%20v1.12.pdf Datasheet]
* [http://www.cmosis.com/index.php?/products/standard_products/cmv12000/ Official Specs]
* [http://www.magiclantern.fm/forum/index.php?topic=11787.msg129672#msg129672 Sensor Noise Analysis]
|}
|}


===Shields===
====Resources====
The Axiom has 2 medium speed IO interfaces to be used with "shields".
* One 200Mbit/s shield interface
* One 1Gbit/s shield interface
* Not hot pluggable


====Triple HDMI Output Shield====
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%;"
[[File:20140917062242-Triple-HDMI-Illustration-02.jpg| 400px]]
|-
| style="width: 50%"| [[AXIOM Beta/Case Studies | Case Studies]]
| style="width: 50%"| [[Video Archive]]
|}


Each port can deliver an independent 1080p60 4:4:4 stream with a different set of image processing nodes applied. Typically there will be one complete image processing pipeline and the three HDMI ports will output the real time image data from specific points in that processing pipeline.
====How to Contribute====


{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%;"
|-
| style="width: 50%"| [[Research Pending]]
| style="width: 50%"| [[Project Ambrosia]]
|-
| style="width: 50%"| [https://wiki.apertus.org/index.php/How_to_Contribute How to Contribute]
| style="width: 50%"|
|}




====Dual Micro SD Shield====


This module adds two micro SD card slots to the AXIOM Beta. The active slot can be switched via the card driver and both cards share a 50MByte/s interface to the Zynq.  
[[File:ABCP LPCard e.png  | 1150px |]]


The bandwidth is not sufficient for video recording but more than enough for storing full resolution 4K raw still images.


The external slots can not be used for initial booting of the camera.


{|
|[[File:i2.png | 200px]]
|[[File:I.png | 200px]]
|-
|PCB Top
|PCB Bottom
|-
|}


===Modules===
There are also 2 high speed IO interfaces where "modules" can be hot plugged
* 6.2Gbit/s each:
** 6 ✕ 950Mbit/s
** 500MBit/s GPIO
* Two modules can be combined in one 12.4 Gbit/s double height module
* Hot pluggable
* PCIe connector (not using PCIe signaling)
 
==Beta Naming Scheme==
Versions of the AXIOM Beta will be named AXIOM Beta plus the according roman number.
 
eg. AXIOM Beta I - Developer Edition


==Develop==
[[Category:AXIOM Beta]]
[[Category:Samples]]
[[Category:Prices]]
[[Category:Enclosures]]
[[Category:Overviews]]
[[Category:Video]]
[[Category:Sensors]]
[[Category:Documentation]]
[[category:Hardware]]

Latest revision as of 12:18, 6 January 2022

Our community’s debut camera is the result of years of collaboration with the Magic Lantern team. With custom-built printed circuit boards, newly developed FPGA cores and an onboard Linux operating system at the user's disposal, changing the entire configuration of a camera to suit the needs of any project is well possible.

If you can't find what you're looking for or if we can help you with custom requirements please contact us.

1 Overviews

Introduction (apertus.org) PCBs
Camera Structure Prices
AXIOM Brochure PDF Download

2 Technical

User Manual (ABM) Raw Movie Recording (AXIOM Recorder)
Enclosures Remote Access Development and Testing Environment
Image Sensors Parts
Data and Colour

3 Resources

Case Studies Video Archive

4 How to Contribute

Research Pending Project Ambrosia
How to Contribute


ABCP LPCard e.png

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